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245 Conference articles

121 - An Automatic 3D City Model : a Bayesian Approach using Satellite Images. F. Lafarge and X. Descombes and J. Zerubia and M. Pierrot-Deseilligny. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Toulouse, France, May 2006. Note : Copyright IEEE Keywords : 3D reconstruction, Buildings, MCMC, Digital Elevation Model (DEM). @INPROCEEDINGS{florenticassp06, author = {Lafarge, F. and Descombes, X. and Zerubia, J. and Pierrot-Deseilligny, M.}, title = {An Automatic 3D City Model : a Bayesian Approach using Satellite Images}, year = {2006}, month = {May}, booktitle = {Proc. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)}, address = {Toulouse, France}, note = {Copyright IEEE}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/2006_florenticassp06.pdf}, keyword = {3D reconstruction, Buildings, MCMC, Digital Elevation Model (DEM)} }

122 - Forest Resource Assessment using Stochastic Geometry. G. Perrin and X. Descombes and J. Zerubia and J.G. Boureau. In Proc. International Precision Forestry Symposium, March 2006. Keywords : Tree Crown Extraction, Object extraction, Stochastic geometry, RJMCMC, Data energy. @INPROCEEDINGS{perrin_06_b, author = {Perrin, G. and Descombes, X. and Zerubia, J. and Boureau, J.G.}, title = {Forest Resource Assessment using Stochastic Geometry}, year = {2006}, month = {March}, booktitle = {Proc. International Precision Forestry Symposium}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/perrin_ipfs06.pdf}, keyword = {Tree Crown Extraction, Object extraction, Stochastic geometry, RJMCMC, Data energy} } Abstract : Aerial and satellite imagery has a key role to play in natural resource management, especially in forestry application. The submetric resolution of the data enables to study forests at the scale of trees, and to get a more accurate assessment of the resources such as the number of stems or the forest cover. To develop automatic tools in order to help the inventories in their work and to bring more knowledge about the stands is also nowadays of important economical and environmental concerns. In this paper, we aim at extracting tree crowns from high resolution aerial Color Infrared images (CIR) of forests using marked point processes. Our approach consists in modelling the trees in the forestry images as random configurations of ellipses, whose points are the positions of the stems and marks their geometric features. The density of this process embeds a regularization term (prior density), which introduces some interactions between the objects, and a data term, which links the objects to the features to be extracted. Our goal is to find the best configuration of an unknown number of objects, i.e. the configuration that maximizes this density. To sample this marked point process, we use Monte Carlo dynamics while the optimization is performed via a Simulated Annealing algorithm, which results in a fully automatic approach. We present different models for the data term in order to cope with different kinds of stands : plantations, isolated trees and mixed stands. Results are shown on aerial CIR images provided by the French Forest Inventory (IFN)

123 - A study of Gaussian approximations of fluorescence microscopy PSF models. B. Zhang and J. Zerubia and J.C. Olivo-Marin. In Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing XIII of Proc. SPIE, in press, Vol. 6090, San Jose, USA, January 2006. Copyright : SPIE @INPROCEEDINGS{zerubia_spie06, author = {Zhang, B. and Zerubia, J. and Olivo-Marin, J.C.}, title = {A study of Gaussian approximations of fluorescence microscopy PSF models}, year = {2006}, month = {January}, booktitle = {Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing XIII of Proc. SPIE, in press}, volume = {6090}, address = {San Jose, USA}, keyword = {} }

124 - Evaluation des Ressources Forestières à l'aide de Processus Ponctuels Marqués. G. Perrin and X. Descombes and J. Zerubia. In Proc. Reconnaissance des Formes et Intelligence Artificielle (RFIA), Tours, France, January 2006. Keywords : Tree Crown Extraction, Stochastic geometry, Marked point process, Object extraction. @INPROCEEDINGS{perrin_06_a, author = {Perrin, G. and Descombes, X. and Zerubia, J.}, title = {Evaluation des Ressources Forestières à l'aide de Processus Ponctuels Marqués}, year = {2006}, month = {January}, booktitle = {Proc. Reconnaissance des Formes et Intelligence Artificielle (RFIA)}, address = {Tours, France}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/perrin_rfia06.pdf}, keyword = {Tree Crown Extraction, Stochastic geometry, Marked point process, Object extraction} } Résumé : Les images aériennes et satellitaires jouent un role de plus en plus important dans le domaine de la gestion des ressources naturelles, et en particulier des forêts. Les organismes chargés d'en faire l'inventaire, comme l'Inventaire Forestier National (IFN) en France, s'appuient en effet sur ces images pour observer les différentes espèces d'arbres d'une zone boisée, avant de se rendre sur le terrain pour une étude plus poussée. La résolution submétrique des données permet, en outre, d'entrevoir une étude plus fine, à savoir un comptage à l'arbre près et une classification automatique des houppiers (ensemble des branches et du feuillage d'un arbre). Cette évaluation précise des ressources forestières n'est actuellement pas disponible. Aussi, le développement d'outils automatiques, chargés d'aider les gestionnaires du paysage dans leur travail en leur apportant une connaissance des ressources à l'échelle de l'arbre, se révèle-t-il être d'un intérêt grandissant.L'objectif de notre travail est donc d'extraire des houppiers à partir d'images aériennes de forêts à très haute résolution. Notre approche consiste à modéliser les peuplements forestiers par un processus ponctuel marqué d'ellipses, dont les points représentent les positions des arbres et les marques leurs caractéristiques géométriques. La densité de ce processus comporte une composante de régularisation, dite a priori, qui introduit des interactions entre les objets du processus, ainsi qu'une composante d'attache aux données, afin que les objets du processus se positionnent sur les houppiers que l'on souhaite extraire. Il s'agit de trouver la configuration d'objets, en nombre inconnu a priori, qui maximise cette densité. La simulation de tels processus fait appel aux algorithmes de type Monte Carlo par Chaîne de Markov (MCMC) à sauts réversibles, l'optimisation étant réalisée à l'aide d'un recuit simulé.Nous présentons ici un nouveau modèle d'attache aux données. Contrairement à nos précédents modèles testés sur des plantations, ce modèle n'est plus bayésien puisque le terme d'attache aux données est désormais calculé au niveau des objets et non de l'image. Ceci nous permet de travailler sur des images plus générales, avec des densités d'arbres plus variables. Des résultats obtenus sur des images fournies par l'IFN valident ce modèle. Abstract : Aerial and satellite imagery has a key role to play in natural resources management, especially in forestry application. Indeed, forest inventories, such as the French National Inventory (IFN), refer to these images to analyse the different tree species in a stand, before sending a team on the ground to obtain some more advanced knowledge. Moreover, the submetric resolution of the data enables to study forests at the scale of trees, and also to get a more accurate evaluation of the resources such as the number of stems. It would be also of important economical and environmental concerns to develop automatic tools to analyze and monitor forests.We aim at extracting tree crowns from high resolution aerial images of forests. Our approach consists in modelling the forestry images as realizations of a marked point process of ellipses, whose points are the positions of the trees and marks their geometric features. The density of this process embeds a regularization term (prior density), which introduces some interactions between the objects, and a data term, which links the objects to the features to be extracted. Our goal is to find the best configuration of an unknown number of objects, i.e. the configuration that maximizes this density. To sample the marked point process, we use Monte Carlo dynamics (Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo), while the optimization is performed via a simulated annealing algorithm.We present here a new model for the data term. Contrary to our previous models tested on plantations images, this model is not Bayesian anymore : the data term is calculated for each object and not for the whole image. This enables us to work on more general images, with variable tree crown densities. Example results are shown on aerial images provided by the French Forest Inventory (IFN).

125 - Galaxy filament detection using the Quality candy model. P. Gernez and X. Descombes and J. Zerubia and E. Slezak and A. Bijaoui. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2006. Keywords : Marked point process, Quality Candy model, Galaxy Filaments. @INPROCEEDINGS{gernez06, author = {Gernez, P. and Descombes, X. and Zerubia, J. and Slezak, E. and Bijaoui, A.}, title = {Galaxy filament detection using the Quality candy model}, year = {2006}, booktitle = {Proc. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/2006_gernez06.pdf}, keyword = {Marked point process, Quality Candy model, Galaxy Filaments} }

126 - Point process of segments and rectangles for building extraction from DEM. M. Ortner and X. Descombes and J. Zerubia. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2006. Keywords : Stochastic geometry, Buildings. @INPROCEEDINGS{ortner06, author = {Ortner, M. and Descombes, X. and Zerubia, J.}, title = {Point process of segments and rectangles for building extraction from DEM}, year = {2006}, booktitle = {Proc. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/2006_ortner06.pdf}, keyword = {Stochastic geometry, Buildings} }

127 - Adaptive Simulated Annealing for Energy Minimization Problem in a Marked Point Process Application. G. Perrin and X. Descombes and J. Zerubia. In Proc. Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (EMMCVPR), St Augustine, Florida, USA, November 2005. Keywords : Simulated Annealing, Marked point process, Stochastic geometry, MAP estimation, RJMCMC. Copyright : Springer Verlag @INPROCEEDINGS{perrin_emmcvpr05, author = {Perrin, G. and Descombes, X. and Zerubia, J.}, title = {Adaptive Simulated Annealing for Energy Minimization Problem in a Marked Point Process Application}, year = {2005}, month = {November}, booktitle = {Proc. Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (EMMCVPR)}, address = {St Augustine, Florida, USA}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/perrin_emmcvpr.pdf}, ps = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/perrin_emmcvpr.ps.gz}, keyword = {Simulated Annealing, Marked point process, Stochastic geometry, MAP estimation, RJMCMC} } Abstract : We use marked point processes to detect an unknown number of trees from high resolution aerial images. This is in fact an energy minimization problem, where the energy contains a prior term which takes into account the geometrical properties of the objects, and a data term to match these objects to the image. This stochastic process is simulated via a Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo procedure, which embeds a Simulated Annealing scheme to extract the best configuration of objects. We compare here different cooling schedules of the Simulated Annealing algorithm which could provide some good minimization in a short time. We also study some adaptive proposition kernels.

128 - Phase field models and higher-order active contours. M. Rochery and I. H. Jermyn and J. Zerubia. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), Beijing, China, October 2005. Keywords : Active contour, Higher-order, Shape, Line networks, Road network, Phase Field. @INPROCEEDINGS{rochery_iccv05, author = {Rochery, M. and Jermyn, I. H. and Zerubia, J.}, title = {Phase field models and higher-order active contours}, year = {2005}, month = {October}, booktitle = {Proc. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)}, address = {Beijing, China}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/rochery_iccv05.pdf}, keyword = {Active contour, Higher-order, Shape, Line networks, Road network, Phase Field} } Abstract : The representation and modelling of regions is an important topic in computer vision. In this paper, we represent a region via a level set of a `phase field' function. The function is not constrained, eg to be a distance function; nevertheless, phase field energies equivalent to classical active contour energies can be defined. They represent an advantageous alternative to other methods: a linear representation space; ease of implementation (a PDE with no reinitialization); neutral initialization; greater topological freedom. We extend the basic phase field model with terms that reproduce `higher-order active contour' energies, a powerful way of including prior geometric knowledge in the active contour framework via nonlocal interactions between contour points. In addition to the above advantages, the phase field greatly simplifies the analysis and implementation of the higher-order terms. We define a phase field model that favours regions composed of thin arms meeting at junctions, combine this with image terms, and apply the model to the extraction of line networks from remote sensing images.

129 - Détection de feux de forêt à partir d'images satellitaires IRT par analyse statistique d'évènements rares. F. Lafarge and X. Descombes and J. Zerubia and S. Mathieu-Marni. In Proc. GRETSI Symposium on Signal and Image Processing, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique, September 2005. Keywords : Rare event, Forest fires, Gaussian Field. @INPROCEEDINGS{lafarge_gretsi05, author = {Lafarge, F. and Descombes, X. and Zerubia, J. and Mathieu-Marni, S.}, title = {Détection de feux de forêt à partir d'images satellitaires IRT par analyse statistique d'évènements rares}, year = {2005}, month = {September}, booktitle = {Proc. GRETSI Symposium on Signal and Image Processing}, address = {Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/2005_lafarge_gretsi05.pdf}, keyword = {Rare event, Forest fires, Gaussian Field} }

130 - New Higher-order Active Contour Energies for Network Extraction. M. Rochery and I. H. Jermyn and J. Zerubia. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Genoa, Italy, September 2005. Keywords : Gap closure, Shape, Prior, Higher-order, Active contour. @INPROCEEDINGS{rochery_icip05, author = {Rochery, M. and Jermyn, I. H. and Zerubia, J.}, title = {New Higher-order Active Contour Energies for Network Extraction}, year = {2005}, month = {September}, booktitle = {Proc. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)}, address = {Genoa, Italy}, pdf = {ftp://ftp-sop.inria.fr/ariana/Articles/rochery_icip05.pdf}, keyword = {Gap closure, Shape, Prior, Higher-order, Active contour} } Abstract : Using the framework of higher-order active contours, we present a new quadratic em continuation energy for the extraction of line networks (e.g. road, hydrographic, vascular) in the presence of occlusions. Occlusions create gaps in the data that frequently translate to gaps in the extracted network. The new energy penalizes earby opposing extremities of the network, and thus favours the closure of the gaps created by occlusions. Nearby opposing extremities are identified using a sophisticated interaction between pairs of points on the contour. This new model allows the extraction of fully connected networks, even though occlusions violate common assumptions about the homogeneity of the interior, and high contrast with the exterior, of the network. We present experimental results on real aerial images that demonstrate the effectiveness of the new model for network extraction tasks.

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